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Top: Complete specimen of Chengjiangocaris kunmingensis from the early Cambrian Xiaoshiba biota of South China. Bottom: Magnification of ventral nerve cord of Chengjiangocaris kunmingensis.

520 million-year-old fossilised nervous system is most detailed example yet found

29 Feb 2016

A 520 million-year-old fossilised nervous system – so well-preserved that individually fossilised nerves are visible – is the most complete and best...

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Top: Complete specimen of Chengjiangocaris kunmingensis from the early Cambrian Xiaoshiba biota of South China. Bottom: Magnification of ventral nerve cord of Chengjiangocaris kunmingensis.

Opinion: Our 500 million-year-old nervous system fossil shines a light on animal evolution

29 Feb 2016

Javier Ortega-Hernández (Department of Zoology) discusses what the discovery of the earliest known fossilised nervous system could tell us about...

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Collinsium ciliosum, a Collins’ monster-type lobopodian from the early Cambrian Xiaoshiba biota of China

Spiky monsters: new species of ‘super-armoured’ worm discovered

29 Jun 2015

A newly-identified species of spike-covered worm with legs, which lived 500 million years ago, was one of the first animals on Earth to develop...

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Left: Hallucigenia sparsa from the Burgess Shale (Royal Ontario Museum 61513) The fossil is 15 mm long. Right: Colour reconstruction of Hallucigenia sparsa.

Newly-discovered ‘ring of teeth’ helps determine what common ancestor of moulting animals looked like

24 Jun 2015

A new analysis of one of the most bizarre-looking fossils ever discovered has definitively sorted its head from its tail, and turned up a previously...

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Odaraia alata, an arthropod resembling a submarine from the middle Cambrian Burgess Shale.

Clues contained in 500 million-year-old brain point to the origin of heads in early animals

07 May 2015

The discovery of a 500 million-year-old fossilised brain has helped identify a point of crucial transformation in early animals, and answered some of...

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Left: Illustration of Ottoia, a prehistoric priapulid, burrowing. Right: Ottoia worm.

Compiling a ‘dentist’s handbook’ for penis worms

06 May 2015

A new study of teeth belonging to a particularly phallic-looking creature has led to the compilation of a prehistoric ‘dentist’s handbook’ which may...

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Fossil of Haootia quadriformis

Animals first flex their muscles

27 Aug 2014

A new fossil discovery identifies the earliest evidence for animals with muscles.

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Fossil Hallucigenia sparsa from the Burgess Shale

Misunderstood worm-like fossil finds its place in the Tree of Life

17 Aug 2014

One of the most bizarre-looking fossils ever found - a worm-like creature with legs, spikes and a head difficult to distinguish from its tail – has...

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Palaeontological reconstruction of rangeomorph fronds from the Ediacaran Period (635-541 million years ago) built using computer models of rangeomorph growth and development.

How some of the first animals lived - and died

11 Aug 2014

New three-dimensional reconstructions show how some of the earliest animals on Earth developed, and provide some answers as to why they went extinct...

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Left: Illustration of Metaspriggina swimming. Right: Fossil of Metaspriggina from Marble Canyon – head to the left with two eyes, and branchial arches at the top.

New fossil find pinpoints the origin of jaws in vertebrates

11 Jun 2014

A major fossil discovery in Canada sheds new light on the development of the earliest vertebrates, including the origin of jaws, the first time this...

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Completely enrolled specimen of the olenellid Mummaspis muralensis from the early Cambrian Mural Formation (Jasper National Park, Alberta). This represents the oldest direct evidence of enrolment in the fossil record of polymerid trilobites

Early rollers: scientists pinpoint very first ‘enrolling’ animal

25 Sep 2013

New fossil find reveals that trilobites were able to roll themselves up defensively far earlier than was originally thought

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Chenjiangocaris kunmingensis arthropod from the early Cambrian Xiaoshioba biota and a reconstruction

Feeding limbs and nervous system of one of Earth’s earliest animals discovered

27 Feb 2013

Unique fossils literally ‘lift the lid’ on ancient creature’s head to expose one of the earliest examples of food manipulating limbs in evolutionary...

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